Gao H, Li X, Leng M, Wang Z. Int J Older People Nurs. 2026;21(5):e70096.
International / predominantly China-led evidence synthesis
Exercise+cognitive intervention ranked highest for reducing frailty (SUCRA 84.7%), followed by exercise+cognitive+social support (83%) and exercise+nutrition (72%). Exercise+nutrition+psychological intervention ranked highest for motor ability (77.1%).
Network rankings depend on indirect comparisons, heterogeneity and consistency assumptions; intervention content/dose varied; SUCRA rankings can overstate certainty; search ended July 2025, so this is not a synthesis of the very latest trials.
Community-dwelling older adults with frailty or prefrailty; 22 RCTs
The direction of evidence continues to favour multidomain frailty interventions rather than single-component solutions. Exercise remains the common anchor, with cognitive, nutritional, psychological and social elements adding value. Rankings should not be read as proof that one package is universally best.